<rss xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0"><channel><title>Queue - 标签 - 星河拾贝录</title><link>https://blog.liubang.cc/tags/queue/</link><description>Queue - 标签 - 星河拾贝录</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>zh-CN</language><managingEditor>it.liubang@gmail.com (liubang)</managingEditor><webMaster>it.liubang@gmail.com (liubang)</webMaster><copyright>Copyright © 2019-2026 LiuBang. All Rights Reserved.</copyright><lastBuildDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://blog.liubang.cc/tags/queue/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>225.用队列实现栈</title><link>https://blog.liubang.cc/leetcode/queue/exercises/225/</link><pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><author><name>liubang</name></author><guid>https://blog.liubang.cc/leetcode/queue/exercises/225/</guid><description><![CDATA[<h2 id="题目描述" class="headerLink">
    <a href="#%e9%a2%98%e7%9b%ae%e6%8f%8f%e8%bf%b0" class="header-mark"></a>题目描述</h2><blockquote>
  <p>请你仅使用两个队列实现一个后入先出（LIFO）的栈，并支持普通栈的全部四种操作（push、top、pop 和 empty）。</p>
<p>实现 MyStack 类：</p>
<ul>
<li>void push(int x) 将元素 x 压入栈顶。</li>
<li>int pop() 移除并返回栈顶元素。</li>
<li>int top() 返回栈顶元素。</li>
<li>boolean empty() 如果栈是空的，返回 true ；否则，返回 false 。</li>
</ul>
<p>注意：</p>
<p>你只能使用队列的基本操作 —— 也就是 push to back、peek/pop from front、size 和 is empty 这些操作。
你所使用的语言也许不支持队列。 你可以使用 list （列表）或者 deque（双端队列）来模拟一个队列 , 只要是标准的队列操作即可。</p>

</blockquote><h2 id="题解" class="headerLink">
    <a href="#%e9%a2%98%e8%a7%a3" class="header-mark"></a>题解</h2><p>队列是 FIFO 的，而堆栈是 LIFO，要想用队列模拟堆栈，就需要在取出元素的时候，将一个队列中的除了最后一个元素的其他移动到另一个队列中，然后返回最后一个元素即可。</p>
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  <pre style="counter-reset: codeblock;" class="tw:block tw:m-0 tw:p-0"><code 
    id="codeblock-id-1" 
    class="
      chroma 
      tw:block! 
      tw:p-0
      tw:m-0
      tw:transition-[max-height] 
      tw:duration-500 
      tw:ease-in-out 
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      "><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyStack</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="n">MyStack</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">auto</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">q</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">q1_</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="n">q2_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nl">q1_</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">q2_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nl">q2_</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">            <span class="n">o</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">());</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">            <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">top</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nl">q1_</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">q2_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nl">q2_</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">            <span class="n">o</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">());</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">            <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="n">o</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="nf">empty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="n">q2_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">q1_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">q2_</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">};</span></span></span></code></pre>
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